PERANCANGAN DAN ANALISIS KOMPARATIF KINERJA LISTRIK PLTS ROOFTOP PADA TIGA KONFIGURASI SISTEM: TANPA PENDINGIN, HEATSINK, DAN HIBRIDA HEATSINK–REFLECTION FOIL

Abstract

Rising module temperature due to intense solar radiation is a primary challenge in rooftop photovoltaic (PV) system operation. This study aims to design and comparatively analyze the electrical performance of a rooftop PV system under three passive cooling configurations: no cooling, heatsink, and hybrid heatsink–reflection foil. Testing was conducted at Universitas Kristen Indonesia (UKI), Jakarta, using three 40 Wp monocrystalline PV modules installed at identical positions. Panel voltage (Vp), load voltage (Vcc), load current (Icc), module temperature, and irradiance (lux) were measured every 15 minutes from 08:30 to 16:00 WIB over 4 working days. Results show that the no-cooling system reached a peak module temperature of 68.4°C, while the heatsink system reached only 61.8°C (a difference of 6.6°C). At 12:00, output power was 8.69 W (no cooling), 10.01 W (heatsink), and 11.48 W (hybrid). Peak efficiency at 12:15 was 26.36% (hybrid), 24.99% (heatsink), and 21.53% (no cooling). The hybrid heatsink–reflection foil configuration proved most effective in enhancing rooftop PV electrical performance through a dual mechanism of temperature reduction and increased effective irradiance.