PERGESERAN BAHASA ANTARGENERASI PADA MAHASISWA BATAK DI JAKARTA: POLA, FAKTOR, DAN IMPLIKASINYA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33541/dia.v12i2.7834Keywords:
pergeseran bahasa, mahasiswa Batak, bahasa daerah, identitas kebahasaanAbstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji dinamika pergeseran bahasa antargenerasi pada mahasiswa Batak yang bermukim di Jakarta. Berbasis data survei terhadap 176 responden, studi ini menganalisis pola kemahiran, penggunaan, serta pewarisan bahasa dari orang tua kepada anak. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan metode campuran, temuan menunjukkan bahwa meskipun sebagian besar orang tua memiliki kemahiran aktif dalam berbahasa Batak, penggunaan yang konsisten di ranah rumah tangga relatif terbatas. Di kalangan mahasiswa, hanya sebagian kecil yang menyatakan kemampuan fasih atau cukup lancar, sementara proporsi yang besar hanya menunjukkan pemahaman pasif atau tidak memiliki kemahiran sama sekali. Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh meliputi tempat lahir, intensitas pengajaran oleh orang tua, serta paparan bahasa Batak dalam konteks keseharian. Sebaliknya, latar tumbuh kembang di perkotaan dan dominasi Bahasa Indonesia turut mendorong penurunan penggunaan bahasa Batak. Temuan ini berhubungan dengan kerangka teori sosiolinguistik yang lebih luas serta dibandingkan dengan studi-studi regional di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun keluarga Batak mempertahankan penanda identitas budaya yang kuat, penyebaran bahasa antargenerasi secara aktif melemah di lingkungan perkotaan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan strategi edukatif dan berbasis komunitas yang lebih terarah untuk menjaga keberlanjutan warisan kebahasaan.
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