DEVELOPMENT OF AN ACCESS CONTROL AND ATTENDANCE SYSTEM PROTOTYPE BASED ON RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (RFID) AND FINGERPRINT TECHNOLOGY AT THE ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY, UNIVERSITAS KRISTEN INDONESIA

Abstract

Laboratories as academic facilities require efficient and secure access control and attendance systems. Existing manual methods remain vulnerable to fraud and are time-consuming. This study designs and implements an IoT-based access control and attendance system using RFID and fingerprint authentication, complemented by time management and fail-safe mechanisms. A quantitative method with experimental modeling and simulation based on real systems was applied. The prototype was developed with ESP32 as the main microcontroller, RC522 and R503 for card and fingerprint authentication, DS3231 for time management, and MQ2 as a fail-safe smoke detection mechanism. System outputs were displayed through an LCD 16×2 I2C and a monitoring website. Test results show RC522 achieved high accuracy in reading registered card UIDs, R503 recorded 0% acceptance for unregistered users and 30% rejection for registered users, DS3231 successfully restricted access according to schedules, and MQ2 performed reliably in smoke detection. The interlock response time was faster and more consistent than the website, making it more stable and dependable in emergencies. Thus, this research successfully developed an efficient, secure, and IoT-integrated access control and attendance system.