ANALYSIS OF ETHNIC CONFLICT IN SOUTHEAST ASIA: A COMPLEX INTERDEPENDENCE PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

Southeast Asia is a region characterized by diverse ethnicities and complex challenges. Despite ASEAN’s long-standing existence, ethnic conflicts continue in several member states. This paper examines these conflicts using the theory of complex interdependence, focusing on three cases: Aceh, the Rohingya, and Mindanao. These cases are seen as clear examples that illustrate how interconnections across economic, security, and environmental spheres shape conflicts. The goal is to analyze how political, social, and economic factors interact within this framework. By exploring these interwoven relationships, this paper seeks to uncover the root causes and consequences of ethnic conflicts that remain difficult to resolve in Southeast Asia.