PENGARUH KONSENTRASI DAN LAMA PERENDAMAN KOLKISIN TERHADAP KARAKTER POLIPLOIDI PADA TANAMAN LILI HUJAN (Zephyranthes rosea Lindl.)
Abstract
Zephyranthes rosea Lindl. is one of Indonesia's export commodities. Research on the induction of polyploid Z. rosea to increase sales value by increasing its phenotype is still limited and limited to seed organs. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of colchicine concentration, soaking time, and the interaction of the two on polyploidy characters. Z. rosea root organs were treated with colchicine (0%, 0.025%, 0.05%, 0.075%, and 0.1%) and different soaking time (6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours, and 24 hours) in this study. The result showed that there was a significant effect of colchicine concentration, soaking time, and the interaction of of the two on leaf length, stomata density, and dry weight while flowering time, leaf width, stomata length, stomata width, fresh weight, and flower color were not significantly affected. The lowest leaf length was produced by 0.1% colchicine (21.392 cm), 6 hours of soaking time (22.693 cm), and the interaction of 0.1% colchicine with 6 hours of soaking time (20.633 cm). The highest density of stomata resulted from 0.025% colchicine (787.247/mm2), 6 hours of soaking time (762.626/mm2), and the interaction of 0.025% colchicine with 24 hours of soaking time (906.566/mm2). The highest dry weight resulted from colchicine 0.075% (16.433 gram), soaking time of 12 hours (16.527 gram), and interaction of colchicine 0.075% with soaking time of 12 hours (19.467 gram). Because there were more polyploid characters which were not significantly affected, the polyploid Z. rosea had not been formed in this study.
References
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Fathurrahman, F. 2019. Peningkatan Produksi Kacang Hijau (Phaseolus radiatus) melalui Perlakuan Kolkisin dan Lama Perendaman. Jurnal Agrobitekper. 5(2): 63-71.
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Kazemi, M., and B. Kaviani. 2020. Anatomical, Morphological, and Physiological Changes in Colchicine-treated Protocorm-like Bodies of Catasetum pileatum Rchb.f. in Vitro. Cogent Biology. 6(1).
Kementrian Keuangan. 2021. Ekspor Tanaman Hias Indonesia Naik 69,7 % selama Pandemi. Diakses pada 24 Mei 2022.
Lelang, M. A., and M. K. Seran. 2020. Pengaruh Konsentrasi Kolkisin terhadap Keragaan Fenotipe Cabai Rawit Lokal (Capsicum frutescens L.) asal Pulau Timor. Savana Cendana. 4(1).
Mandela, F., Julianto, R. P. D., and M. Nurul. 2022. Poliploidisasi Tanaman Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) menggunakan Mutagen Kolkisin. Buana Sains. 21(2): 1-6.
Masruroh, M. 2018. Poliploidisasi Anggrek Vanda lombokensis JJ Sm. menggunakan Kolkisin secara In Vivo. Skripsi. Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang.
Mattjik, N. A. 2011. Membangun Usaha Tanaman Hias dan Bunga Potong dengan Mengaplikasikan Bioteknologi Khususnya Kultur Jaringan. Orasi Purnabakti, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.
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Niu, L., Tao, Y. B., Chen, M. S., Fu, Q., Dong, Y., He, H., and Z. F. Xu. 2016. Identification and Characterization of Tetraploid and Octoploid Jatropha curcas Induced by Colchicine. Caryologia. 69(1): 58-66.
Nst, M. W. A., Setiado, H., and Damanik, R. I. M. 2018. Pengaruh Kolkisin terhadap Keragaman Genotip dan Fenotip Tanaman Aglaonema (Aglaonema cochinense Schott.) varietas Lady Valentine. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi. 6(3): 599-608.
Nugroho, Miftahul Fuadi. 2021. Karakter Fenotipe Mawar (Rosa sp. var. Megawati) Hasil Induksi Mutasi dengan menggunakan Kolkisin. Skripsi. Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan.
Nunoo, J., Quartey, E. K., Amoatey, H. M., and G.Y.P. Klu. 2014. Effect of Recurrent Irradiation on the Improvement of a Variant Line of Wild Tomato (Solanum pimpinellifolium). Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences. 7(4): 377-383.
Parjanto, P. 2017. Pembentukan Varietas Sirsak Unggul melalui Pemuliaan Poliploidi: Induksi Poliploidi Tanaman Sirsak dengan Kolkisin. Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture. 27(2): 115-121.
Salma, U., Kundu, S., & Mandal, N. 2017. Artificial Polyploidy in Medicinal Plants: Advancement in the Last Two Decades and Impending Prospects. Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology. 20(1): 9-19.
Samadi, N., Naghavi, M. R., Moratalla-López, N., Alonso, G. L., and M. Shokrpour. 2022. Morphological, Molecular and Phytochemical Variations Induced by Colchicine and EMS Chemical Mutagens in Crocus sativus L. Food Chemistry: Molecular Sciences. 4.
Saputri, R. E., dan Hanafiah, D. S. 2021. Effect of Colchicine on Morphological Diversity of Marigold Plant (Tagetes erecta L.). Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi. 9(2): 11-17.
Sarathum, S., Hegele, M., Tantiviwat, S., and M. Nanakorn.
2010. Effect of Concentration and Duration of Colchicine Treatment on Polyploidy Induction in Dendrobium scabrilingue L. European Journal of Horticultural Science. 75(9): 123-127.
Sharafi, S. S., Azadi, P., Jafarkhani, K. M., Abdossi, V., and A. Eskandri. 2021. Evaluation of Different Growth Hormones Mediated Callus Induction and Regeneration as Well as the Effect of Colchicines, Ethyl Methanesulfonate (EMS) and Gamma Radiation on Some Traits of Impatiens walleriana. Genetika. 53(1): 379-391.
Sun, Q., Sun, H., Zhu, E., and L. Li. 2009. Polyploid Induction in Pear In Vitro Treatment with Gamma-rays. Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 36(2): 257- 260.
Suryo, H. 2007. Sitogenetika. Gadjah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta.
Tammu, R. M., Nuringtyas, T. R., and B. S. Daryono. 2021. Colchicine Effects on the Ploidy Level and Morphological Characters of Katokkon Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) from North Toraja, Indonesia. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. 19(31): 1-8.
Van de Peer, Y., Mizrachi, E., and K. Marchal. 2017. The Evolutionary Significance of Polyploidy. Nature Reviews Genetics. 18(7): 411-424.
Wardana, Slamet, A., Andarias, S. H., Bahrun, A. H., and K. Mantja. 2019. Induction of Lili Hujan Polyploid (Z. rosea Lindl.) with Ethanolic Extract of Tapak Dara leaf (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. don.) to Increase its Economic Value. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 235 (1).
Yankulov, I., and H. Alipur. 1976. New Bulgarian Mutant Varieties of ...mint. Problemi na eteritchnomaslenoto proizvodstvo. 15 -16 May, Kazanlyk, Sofia.
Yulia, N., Prihantoro, I., and P. D. M. H. Karti. 2022. Optimasi Penggunaan Mutagen Kolkisin untuk Peningkatan Produktivitas Tanaman Stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis (Aubl.) Sw.). Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan. 20(1): 19-24.
Zhang, X., and J. Gao. 2021. Colchicine-Induced Tetraploidy in Dendrobium cariniferum and its Effect on Plantlet Morphology, Anatomy and Genome Size. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. 144: 409-420.
Zhou, J., Guo, F., Fu, J., Xiao, Y., and J. Wu. 2020. In Vitro Polyploid Induction using Colchicine for Zingiber officinale Roscoe cv.‘Fengtou’ Ginger. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. 142: 87-94.
Zuyasna, Z., Marliah, A., Rahayu, A., Hayati, E., and R. Husna. 2021. Pertumbuhan Tanaman Nilam MV1 Varietas Lhokseumawe Akibat Konsentrasi dan Lama Perendaman Kolkisin. Agro Bali: Agricultural Journal. 4(1): 23-33.
Adams, K. L., and J. F. Wendel. 2005. Novel Patterns of Gene Expression in Polyploid Plants. Trends in Genetics. 21(10): 539-543.
Bahari, B. F. 2021. Analisis Kelayakan Investasi Ekspor Umbi Bunga Zephyrantes sp. (Studi Kasus di CV. Arjuna Flora, Kota Batu). Skripsi. Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Islam Malang, Malang.
Bhaskaran, S., and M. S. Swaminathan. 1961. Chromosome Aberrations, Changes in DNA Content and Frequency and Spectrum of Mutations Induced by X-Rays and Neutrons in Polyploids. Radiation Botany. 1: 166-181.
Comlekcioglu, N., and M. Ozden. 2019. Polyploidy Induction by Colchicine Treatment in Golden Berry (Physalis peruviana), and Effects of Polyploidy on Some Traits. Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences. 29(5): 1336-1343.
Crowder, L. V. 2015. Genetika Tumbuhan (Terjemahan). Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta.
Damanik, S. R. A., Setiado, H., dan D. S. Hanafiah. 2018. Pengaruh Kolkisin terhadap Keragaman Morfologi dan Jumlah Kromosom Tanaman Aglaonema Varietas Dud Unjamanee. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi. 6(2): 362-370.
Enjelina, W. 2010. Induksi Tetraploid Tanaman Lili Hujan (Z. rosea Lindl.). Skripsi. Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Universitas Andalas, Padang.
Fathurrahman, F. 2019. Peningkatan Produksi Kacang Hijau (Phaseolus radiatus) melalui Perlakuan Kolkisin dan Lama Perendaman. Jurnal Agrobitekper. 5(2): 63-71.
Fibrianty, E. 2019. Teknik Persilangan Zephyranthes sp. Iptek Hortikultura. 16.
Gantait, S., Mandal, N., Bhattacharyya, S., and P. K. Das. 2011. Induction and Identification of Tetraploids using In Vitro Colchicine Treatment of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus cv. Sciella. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. 106 (2): 485-493.
Girsang, R. M. Y. 2020. Karakter Fenotipe Lili (Lilium longiflorum Thunb.) hasil Induksi Mutasi dengan Menggunakan Kolkisin. Skripsi. Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan.
Handayani, R. S., Yusuf, M., and A. Akmal. 2018. Potential Changes in Watermelon (Citrullus lannatus) Ploidy Treated by Colchicine. Journal of Tropical Horticulture. 1(1): 10-14.
Harsanti, L., & Yulidar, Y. 2019. Pertumbuhan Varietas Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merill) pada Generasi M2 dengan Teknik Mutasi. Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Nuklir Indonesia. 20(1): 1-8.
Hasana, N., and I. Apriani. 2020. The Effect of Colchicine against Phenotypes and Stomata Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) Hydroponically with the NFT (Nutrient Film Technique) System. Jurnal Biota. 6(1): 37-41.
Husband, B.C., Baldwin SJ, and H. A. Sabara. 2016. Direct vs. Indirect Effects of Whole-Genome Duplication on Prezygotic Isolation in Chamerion angustifolium: Implications for Rapid Speciation. American Journal of Botany. 103: 1259–1271.
Ismawati, Utari. 2015. Meningkatkan Daya Saing Florikultura
Menyongsong MEA. Diakses tanggal 19 Juni 2022.
https://pertanian.pontianakkota.go.id/artikel/35-meningkatkandaya-saing florikultura-menyongsong-mea.html
Jordanov, R., Zheljazkov, V., and R. T. Raev. 1995. Induced Polyploidy in Lavender. International Symposium on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Angers, Prancis.
Katayama, T. 1963. X-ray Induced Chromosomal Aberrations in Rice Plants. The Japanese Journal of Genetics. 38(1): 21-31.
Kazemi, M., and B. Kaviani. 2020. Anatomical, Morphological, and Physiological Changes in Colchicine-treated Protocorm-like Bodies of Catasetum pileatum Rchb.f. in Vitro. Cogent Biology. 6(1).
Kementrian Keuangan. 2021. Ekspor Tanaman Hias Indonesia Naik 69,7 % selama Pandemi. Diakses pada 24 Mei 2022.
Lelang, M. A., and M. K. Seran. 2020. Pengaruh Konsentrasi Kolkisin terhadap Keragaan Fenotipe Cabai Rawit Lokal (Capsicum frutescens L.) asal Pulau Timor. Savana Cendana. 4(1).
Mandela, F., Julianto, R. P. D., and M. Nurul. 2022. Poliploidisasi Tanaman Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) menggunakan Mutagen Kolkisin. Buana Sains. 21(2): 1-6.
Masruroh, M. 2018. Poliploidisasi Anggrek Vanda lombokensis JJ Sm. menggunakan Kolkisin secara In Vivo. Skripsi. Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang.
Mattjik, N. A. 2011. Membangun Usaha Tanaman Hias dan Bunga Potong dengan Mengaplikasikan Bioteknologi Khususnya Kultur Jaringan. Orasi Purnabakti, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.
National Council of Educational Research and Training. 2019. Gardener. National Council of Educational Research and Training Publisher, New Delhi.
Niu, L., Tao, Y. B., Chen, M. S., Fu, Q., Dong, Y., He, H., and Z. F. Xu. 2016. Identification and Characterization of Tetraploid and Octoploid Jatropha curcas Induced by Colchicine. Caryologia. 69(1): 58-66.
Nst, M. W. A., Setiado, H., and Damanik, R. I. M. 2018. Pengaruh Kolkisin terhadap Keragaman Genotip dan Fenotip Tanaman Aglaonema (Aglaonema cochinense Schott.) varietas Lady Valentine. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi. 6(3): 599-608.
Nugroho, Miftahul Fuadi. 2021. Karakter Fenotipe Mawar (Rosa sp. var. Megawati) Hasil Induksi Mutasi dengan menggunakan Kolkisin. Skripsi. Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan.
Nunoo, J., Quartey, E. K., Amoatey, H. M., and G.Y.P. Klu. 2014. Effect of Recurrent Irradiation on the Improvement of a Variant Line of Wild Tomato (Solanum pimpinellifolium). Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences. 7(4): 377-383.
Parjanto, P. 2017. Pembentukan Varietas Sirsak Unggul melalui Pemuliaan Poliploidi: Induksi Poliploidi Tanaman Sirsak dengan Kolkisin. Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture. 27(2): 115-121.
Salma, U., Kundu, S., & Mandal, N. 2017. Artificial Polyploidy in Medicinal Plants: Advancement in the Last Two Decades and Impending Prospects. Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology. 20(1): 9-19.
Samadi, N., Naghavi, M. R., Moratalla-López, N., Alonso, G. L., and M. Shokrpour. 2022. Morphological, Molecular and Phytochemical Variations Induced by Colchicine and EMS Chemical Mutagens in Crocus sativus L. Food Chemistry: Molecular Sciences. 4.
Saputri, R. E., dan Hanafiah, D. S. 2021. Effect of Colchicine on Morphological Diversity of Marigold Plant (Tagetes erecta L.). Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi. 9(2): 11-17.
Sarathum, S., Hegele, M., Tantiviwat, S., and M. Nanakorn.
2010. Effect of Concentration and Duration of Colchicine Treatment on Polyploidy Induction in Dendrobium scabrilingue L. European Journal of Horticultural Science. 75(9): 123-127.
Sharafi, S. S., Azadi, P., Jafarkhani, K. M., Abdossi, V., and A. Eskandri. 2021. Evaluation of Different Growth Hormones Mediated Callus Induction and Regeneration as Well as the Effect of Colchicines, Ethyl Methanesulfonate (EMS) and Gamma Radiation on Some Traits of Impatiens walleriana. Genetika. 53(1): 379-391.
Sun, Q., Sun, H., Zhu, E., and L. Li. 2009. Polyploid Induction in Pear In Vitro Treatment with Gamma-rays. Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 36(2): 257- 260.
Suryo, H. 2007. Sitogenetika. Gadjah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta.
Tammu, R. M., Nuringtyas, T. R., and B. S. Daryono. 2021. Colchicine Effects on the Ploidy Level and Morphological Characters of Katokkon Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) from North Toraja, Indonesia. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. 19(31): 1-8.
Van de Peer, Y., Mizrachi, E., and K. Marchal. 2017. The Evolutionary Significance of Polyploidy. Nature Reviews Genetics. 18(7): 411-424.
Wardana, Slamet, A., Andarias, S. H., Bahrun, A. H., and K. Mantja. 2019. Induction of Lili Hujan Polyploid (Z. rosea Lindl.) with Ethanolic Extract of Tapak Dara leaf (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. don.) to Increase its Economic Value. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 235 (1).
Yankulov, I., and H. Alipur. 1976. New Bulgarian Mutant Varieties of ...mint. Problemi na eteritchnomaslenoto proizvodstvo. 15 -16 May, Kazanlyk, Sofia.
Yulia, N., Prihantoro, I., and P. D. M. H. Karti. 2022. Optimasi Penggunaan Mutagen Kolkisin untuk Peningkatan Produktivitas Tanaman Stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis (Aubl.) Sw.). Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan. 20(1): 19-24.
Zhang, X., and J. Gao. 2021. Colchicine-Induced Tetraploidy in Dendrobium cariniferum and its Effect on Plantlet Morphology, Anatomy and Genome Size. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. 144: 409-420.
Zhou, J., Guo, F., Fu, J., Xiao, Y., and J. Wu. 2020. In Vitro Polyploid Induction using Colchicine for Zingiber officinale Roscoe cv.‘Fengtou’ Ginger. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. 142: 87-94.
Zuyasna, Z., Marliah, A., Rahayu, A., Hayati, E., and R. Husna. 2021. Pertumbuhan Tanaman Nilam MV1 Varietas Lhokseumawe Akibat Konsentrasi dan Lama Perendaman Kolkisin. Agro Bali: Agricultural Journal. 4(1): 23-33.
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2024-03-31
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Putri, V. D., Faizah, H., & Firdhausi, N. F. (2024). PENGARUH KONSENTRASI DAN LAMA PERENDAMAN KOLKISIN TERHADAP KARAKTER POLIPLOIDI PADA TANAMAN LILI HUJAN (Zephyranthes rosea Lindl.) . Jurnal Pro-Life, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.33541/jpvol6Iss2pp102
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