Tuberkulosis Milier dan Malnutrisi Pada Anak Laki-Laki Usia 12 Tahun Laporan Kasus
Abstract
Tuberkulosis (TB) milier merupakan komplikasi fokus infeksi tuberkulosis yang disebarkan secara hematogen. Gambaran berupa bercak-bercak yang halus umumnya tersebar merata pada seluruh lapangan paru. Penanganan tuberkulosis milier (khususnya pada anak) perlu memperhatikan status gizi, mengingat riskannya anak dengan infeksi tuberkulosis mengalami malnutrisi. Kasus adalah seorang anak laki-laki umur 12 tahun dengan TB milier dan malnutrisi dirawat di RSUD Nunukan, Kalimantan Utara. Pasien dikonsulkan ke Bagian Pediatri dengan keluhan awal sesak. Pada pemeriksaan fisik ditemukan laju napas meningkat, iga gambang dan muscle wasting. Pada pemeriksaan laboratorium didapatkan anemia, leukositosis, hiponatremia, pad Rontgen torak ditemukan kesan TB milier. Pada pasien diberikan obat anti tuberkulosis (OAT) fixed drugs composition (FDC) dan penanganan malnutrisi. Pasien mengalami perbaikan secara klinis.
Kata kunci: malnutrisi, OAT, tuberkulosis, tuberkulosis millier
Milliary tuberculosis is a complication of a focal hematogenous spread of tuberculosis infection. In plain radiograph, milliary deposists appear as 1-3 mm diameter nodules, which are uniform in size and uniformly distributed. Management of milliary tuberculosis (especially in children) has to pay attention to nutritional status, given the risk of children with tuberculosis infection experiencing malnutrition. A 12-year- old boy with milliary tuberculosis and malnutrition has been treated at Nunukan District Hospital, North Kalimantan. Patient were consulted in the pediatric division with initial complaint was dyspneu. On physical examination found increased respiratory rate, prominent ribs, and muscle wasting. From laboratory tests found anemia, leucocytosis, hyponatremia, plain chest x-ray suggests milliary tuberculosis. Patients given fixed-dose combination anti-tuberculosis drug and malnutrition. The patient then undergoes clinical improvement.
Keyword: malnutrition, anti-tiberculosis drug, tuberculosis, milliary tuberculosis
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