Pengaruh Penyuluhan dan Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk (PSN) terhadap Kepadatan Jentik Aedes aegypti di Kecamatan Cempaka Putih

Abstract

Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektivitas penyuluhan dan pemberantasan sarang nyamuk (PSN) terhadap kepadatan dan penyebaran Ae. aegypti di Kecamatan Cempaka Putih, Jakarta Pusat. Survei entomologi dilakukan dengan cara single larval method di 100 rumah di Kelurahan Cempaka Putih Timur, Cempaka Putih Barat dan Rawasari. Pre-test dilakukan pada bulan Maret dan posttest pada bulan April 2010. Intervensi berupa penyuluhan dan PSN. Data pre-test dan post-test dianalisis dengan uji McNemar. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa angka kepadatan (container index/CI) dan penyebaran (house index/HI) Ae. aegypti dan prediktor kejadian luar biasa (breteau index/BI) di ketiga kelurahan menurun setelah penyuluhan dan PSN (Cempaka Putih Timur CI 21,3%, HI 37%, BI 93 menjadi 4,14%, 15% dan 27; Cempaka Putih Barat CI 12%, HI 21%, BI 32 menjadi 4,1%, 10% dan 11; Rawasari CI 8%, HI 18%, BI 21 menjadi 5,1%, 12%, dan 15). Disimpulkan bahwa penyuluhan dan PSN efektif menurunkan kepadatan dan penyebaran Ae. aegypti di Kecamatan Cempaka Putih, Jakarta Pusat.
Kata kunci: penyuluhan, pemberantasan sarang nyamuk, container index, house index, breteau index

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of health education and the control of mosquitoes breeding sites (CMBS) to the density and distribution of Ae. aegypti in Cempaka Putih subdistrict, Central Jakarta. Entomological survey was done by a single larval method in 100 houses in East Cempaka Putih Village, West Cempaka Putih and Rawasari Village. Pre-test was conducted in March and post-test in April 2010. Intervention was done in the form of health education and CMBS. Pre-test and Post-test data were analyzed with the McNemar test. The results showed that the Ae. aegypti density (container index / CI) and distribution (house index / HI) and predictors of outbreak (breteau Index / BI) in the three villages decreased after health education and CMBS (Cempaka Putih Timur CI 21.3%, HI 37%, BI 93 to 4.14%, 15% and 27; Cempaka Putih Barat 12% CI, HI 21%, BI 32 to 4.1%, 10% and 11; Rawasari CI 8%, HI 18%, BI 21 to 5.1%, 12%, and 15). It was concluded that the health education and CMBS effectively lowers the density and distribution of Ae. aegypti in the Cempaka Putih Subdistrict, Central Jakarta.
Keywords: health education, the control of mosquitoes breeding sites, container index, house index, breteau index