DIALEKTIKA: JURNAL BAHASA, SASTRA DAN BUDAYA

Cerpen “Dodolitdodolitdodolibret” Karya Seno Gumira Adjidarma: Representasi Cerita Fantastik dan Psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud

Heri Isnaini — 2023-12-31

Abstrak

Cerpen “Dodolitdodolitdodolibret” mengisahkan tokoh Guru Kiplik yang berkeliling ke segala penjuru untuk mengajarkan cara berdoa yang baik dan benar. Cara berdoa yang diajarkan Guru Kiplik diyakininya dapat membawa pendoa pada kekuatan spiritual yang baik dan kebebasan jiwa yang luas bahkan sampai dapat berjalan di atas air. Peristiwa-peristiwa di luar nalar dalam cerita tersebut akan dibahas dengan konsep cerita fantastik. Cerita fantastik menekankan pada peristiwa-peristiwa supranatural secara tiba-tiba dalam dunia nyata. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori struktur naratif dengan fokus pada cerita secara utuh. Selain itu, peristiwa-peristiwa dalam cerita ditafsirkan dengan metode hermeneutika dengan mengaitkannya pada teori psikoanalisis yang dikemukakan oleh Sigmund Freud. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cerpen “Dodolitdodolitdodolibret” karya Seno Gumira Adjidarma memiliki ciri-ciri cerita fantastik dengan peristiwa-peristiwa supranatural di dalamnya dan secara struktur naratif menjadi cerita dengan penafsiran konsep psike yang kuat. Hal ini memungkinkan cerpen ini memiliki keterkaitan dengan kesadaran terhadap ideologi dan kepercayaan tertentu.

Kata Kunci: Cerita fantastik, hermeneutika, naratif, psikoanalisis, struktur

Abstract

The short story "Dodolitdodolitdodolibret" tells the story of Master Kiplik who travels around all directions to teach how to pray well and correctly. The way of praying taught by Master Kiplik was believed to bring the prayer to good spiritual power and wide freedom of the soul even to the point of being able to walk on water. Events beyond reason in the story will be discussed with the concept of a fantastical story. Fantastical stories emphasize sudden suprantural events in the real world. The theory used in this study is the theory of narrative structure with a focus on the story as a whole. In addition, events and stories are interpreted by the hermeneutic method by attributing them to the theory of psychoanalysis proposed by Sigmund Freud. The results showed that the short story "Dodolitdodolitdodolibret" by Seno Gumira Adjidarma has the characteristics of a fantastical story with supernatural events in it and is structurally a narrative story with a strong interpretation of the concept of psyke. This allows this short story to have a connection with an awareness of certain ideologies and beliefs.

Keywords: Fantastical story, hermeneutics, narrative, psychoanalysis, structure

Kajian Makian dalam Interaksi Sosial Pemuda Madura melalui Lensa Sosio-Ekolinguistik

Khusnul Khotimah — 2023-12-31

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan kata makian dalam interaksi sosial pemuda Madura dengan pendekatan sosio-ekolinguistik. Makian adalah bagian penting dari bahasa sehari-hari. Namun, sering kali memiliki keterkaitan dengan norma-norma sosial dan budaya suatu masyarakat. Dalam konteks Madura, kata makian memiliki peran khusus dalam interaksi sosial, oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosio-ekolinguistik untuk memahami dinamika penggunaan kata makian dalam lingkungan budaya dan sosial yang lebih luas.

Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui analisis korpus percakapan antara pemuda Madura dalam berbagai konteks, baik formal maupun informal. Teori tabu Wardhaugh digunakan sebagai kerangka teoretis untuk melihat bagaimana kata-kata makian diidentifikasi dan digunakan dalam interaksi sosial sehari-hari. Dalam pengkajian ini, faktor sosio-ekologis seperti norma sosial, struktur komunitas, dan perubahan budaya juga dipertimbangkan dalam menginterpretasi penggunaan makian.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan kata makian dalam interaksi sosial pemuda Madura secara kompleks terhubung dengan aspek-aspek sosio-ekologis seperti norma sosial, hierarki sosial, etimologi kata-kata, konteks budaya, jenis interaksi, dan tingkat keformalan situasi. Temuan ini menggambarkan cara pemuda Madura mengadaptasi makian dalam berbagai konteks, sekaligus menggambarkan dinamika sosiolinguistik yang terjadi dalam komunitas bahasa mereka. Bentuk-bentuk makian tersebut berupa hewan, sikap yang kurang sopan, alat indra manusia, makhluk halus, kotoran, serta alat kelamin Perempuan, digunakan untuk memaki lawan bicara dalam kehidupan sosial bermasyarakat. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang penggunaan kata makian dalam interaksi sosial pemuda Madura dalam lensa sosio-ekolinguistik. Implikasi penelitian ini tidak hanya terbatas pada pemahaman linguistik, tetapi juga membantu dalam memahami interaksi sosial dan budaya yang membentuk penggunaan bahasa sehari-hari dalam komunitas ini.

Karakteristik Penggunaan Bahasa dalam Pembelajaran Kelas X di SMA Negeri 1 Karanggede

Byuti Adi Maghfiroh — 2023-12-31

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan karakteristik penggunaan bahasa Indonesia dalam pembelajaran kelas X di SMA Negeri 1 Karanggede, (2) mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan adanya karakteristik penggunaan bahasa Indonesia, serta (3) mengetahui dan menjelaskan fungsi bahasa Indonesia dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis isi. Sumber data pada penelitian ini adalah tuturan guru dan siswa kelas X dalam pembelajaran serta informan meliputi guru dan siswa kelas X. teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, simak catat, dan wawancara. Teknik uji validitas data menggunakan teknik triangulasi data dan triangulasi teori. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik mengalir dengan tahapan dari awal pengumpulan data hingga kesimpulan akhir. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut. Pertama, terdapat enam karakteristik penggunaan bahasa dalam pembelajaran kelas X, yaitu bentuk ragam resmi, ragam usaha, ragam santai, ragam akrab, campur kode, dan alih kode. Kedua, ditemukan delapan faktor penyebab terjadinya penggunaan bahasa yang ditemukan, yaitu situasi penutur, posisi penutur, topik pembicaraan, lawan tutur, kebiasaan, refleks, kepanikan, dan keingintahuan. Ketiga, ditemukan lima belas fungsi bahasa pada pembelajaran kelas X, yaitu fungsi menyampaikan, memastikan, memusatkan perhatian, menerangkan, memerintah, menanyakan, meyakinkan, menegur, menegaskan, menyarankan, menghibur, mengeluh, menasihati, mengajak, dan mengimbangi lawan tutur. Total data yang ditemukan berjumlah 130 data.

“Ctrl + C, Ctrl + V”: Academic Integrity in Online Language Learning

Lorelyn A. Gabatin — 2023-12-31

This qualitative study aims to explore academic integrity in terms of plagiarism issues in online language classes at Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges. The study has two research questions: (1) What types of plagiarism do online submitted outputs of students in online language classes fall? (2) What strategies do college instructors use to prevent and detect plagiarism in their language classes? Turnitin and content analysis were utilized to identify types of plagiarism committed by students, while structured interviews and thematic analysis were used to gather data on strategies used by college instructors. Results indicated that among the five types of plagiarism, Badyal (2018) has categorized, Mosaic Plagiarism or Patch Writing was the most prevalent, while Structural Plagiarism had the least number of cases identified, and no instances of Self-Plagiarism were found. Nonetheless, some outputs were plagiarism-free. The study also identified language instructors' strategies to prevent and detect plagiarism in their classes. The study recommends that academic institutions prioritize creating a culture of honesty and ethical behavior in academic writing, educate students on clear citation guidelines, and implement stricter penalties. The study's results can assist policymakers and educational institutions create practical measures to encourage academic honesty and avoid plagiarism in online language classes.

The Comparison of Metaphors Translation Strategies in Subtitling of the King’s Speech Film

Gerson Sitanggang — 2023-12-31

This research aims to compare the use of translation strategies used between humans and YouTube’s automated machine translator. This study employed the descriptive qualitative method. The writers collected data using a note-taking strategy. Based on the research findings, there are sixteen data that use metaphors. Six data use “anthropomorphic metaphor”; five data use “dead metaphor”; four data use “concrete to abstract metaphors”; and one datum uses “live metaphor”. This research shows that only three out of seven metaphor translation strategies are employed by human translators and YouTube. They use translation strategies “reproducing the same image in the TL”, “replacing the image in the SL with a standard TL image”, and “deletion”. The human translator uses “reproducing the same image in the TL” ten times, “replacing the image in the SL with a standard TL image” five times, and “deletion” once. YouTube uses “reproducing the same image in the TL” thirteen times and “replacing the image in the SL with a standard TL image” three times.

Keywords: translation, metaphor, translation strategy, subtitle.

Gangguan Berbahasa pada Anak Usia 10 Tahun

Patrisia Deni Sidebang — 2023-12-31

_{Based on Reza's medical history and development, there are indications that the language disorder he experienced is related to the presence of a medical history at birth, namely tongue-tie or ankyloglossia. Where when Reza was just born there was a kind of binding or barrier on the tongue so that the range of motion of the tongue was not free. Based on observations from his medical history, Reza experienced tongue-tie where he became difficult to stick out his tongue and became one of the causes of being slurred. In addition, tongue-tie also affects the way Reza eats, speaks, and swallows. In this study, qualitative methods were used by applying interview techniques to Reza's parents and also making observations when Reza communicated with his environment. The main goal is to obtain in-depth data on the language disorders experienced by the ten-year-old child. The limited pronunciation of R experienced by Reza makes it difficult for him to pronounce some words related to the letter R. This then makes the words and sentences spoken by Reza sound strange and incorrect. So he becomes difficult to communicate with his peers. To overcome these limitations, Reza took the initiative to write them on paper or on the ground when playing together.this limitation also did not become an obstacle for Reza to make friends and adjust, because some of his playmates had often communicated with him so that conversations between them seemed to run smoothly and well even though sometimes there were still moments between them that were difficult to understand the meaning of Reza's sentence. Limitations in language learning are things that need to be considered, so a special approach is needed in providing language training that is in accordance with Reza's conditions. With regular learning carried out every day with the surrounding environment, it is hoped that Reza will experience an improvement in his communication skills and also expected environmental awareness of Reza's condition.}

Effects of Tiktok English Teaching Videos in The Second Language Acquisition of Elementary Learners

Shaina Mae S. De Matta — 2023-12-31

This study aimed to examine the Effects of TikTok English teaching videos in the Second Language Acquisition of Elementary Learners. The participants of this study were the 21 intermediate learners in Nababarera Elementary School, Baao, Camarines Sur. The researchers came up with the three main questions in this study: (1) What is the level of Second Language Acquisition of elementary learners during: a. Pre-Assessment b. Post-Assessment (2) Is there a significant difference between the raw scores of pre-assessment and post-assessment? (3) What are the challenges encountered in utilizing mobile phones as a tool for second language acquisition? The researchers used mixed-method approach to answer the research questions. A pre- and post-assessment and a semi-structured interview were used as tools. It is discovered that learners who use mobile devices for language learning experience learning setbacks due to physical, pedagogical, and psycho-social issues. The result also showed that there is a significant difference between the raw scores of the learners’ pre- and post-assessment. Hence, TikTok can be an assessment tool for evaluating learners' language learning progress and an out-of-class learning tool to motivate and engage students in their English language skills development.

Semaoen dalam Catatan Sejarah Sastra Indonesia

Teguh Prasetyo — 2023-12-31

Abstrak

Periode awal abad ke-20 merupakan tonggak penting dalam sejarah kesusastraan Indonesia. Pada periode ini, muncul pula karya-karya sastra yang kemudian diberi label “bacaan liar”. Salah satu pengarang yang sangat penting dari tulisan-tulisan yang dicap “bacaan liar” tersebut adalah Semaoen, dengan Hikayat Kadiroen-nya. Semaoen sendiri merupakan pemikir kiri sekaligus ketua Partai Komunis Indonesia yang pertama pada 1920-an. Hikayat Kadiroen menjadi novelnya yang memiliki bentuk penceritaan yang menarik. Sebagai penelitian sejarah sastra dengan pengumpulan data melalui studi pustaka, tulisan ini mencoba untuk memaparkan posisi dan sejarah kepengarangan Semaoen di tengah-tengah sejarah kesusastraan Indonesia. Dapat disimpulkan kemudian, dalam artikel ini, Semaoen dan Hikayat Kadiroen menjadi penting dalam khazanah sastra Indonesia modern. Selain menandai kekhasanan perlawanan melalui karya sastra di awal Abad ke-20, Semaoen dan karyanya ini juga menjadi menarik karena gaya penceritaan yang berbeda dengan beberapa karya sastra mayor pada zamannya, dengan menunjukkan ciri aliran Realisme-sosialis.

Kata Kunci: Hikayat Kadiroen, Sastra Indonesia, Semaoen,

Abstract

The early 20th century is an important milestone in the history of Indonesian literature. During this period, literary works emerged that were later labeled "wild readings". One of the most important authors of these writings labeled as "wild reading" was Semaoen, with his Hikayat Kadiroen. Semaoen himself was a leftist thinker and the first chair of the Indonesian Communist Party in the 1920s. Hikayat Kadiroen is his novel that has an interesting form of storytelling. As a literary history research with data collection through literature study, this paper tries to explain the position and history of Semaoen's authorship in the midst of Indonesian literary history. It can be concluded then, in this article, that Semaoen and Hikayat Kadiroen are important in the treasury of modern Indonesian literature. In addition to marking the distinctiveness of resistance through literature in the early 20th century, Semaoen and his work are also interesting because of the style of storytelling that differs from some of the major literary works of his day, by showing the characteristics of Socialist-Realism works.

keywords: Hikayat Kadiroen, Indonesian Literature, Semaoen,

Interweaving Indonesian Local Wisdoms and Synchronized Virtual Learning: Students’ Experience in ESP

Melania Wiannastiti — 2023-12-31

The research delves into integrating Indonesian local wisdom, specifically Pancasila, within synchronized virtual learning for English for Specific Purposes (ESP), aiming to unveil students' experiences and assess the impact on presentation skill development. Thirty students participated in a 13-session Business English presentation course, with Pancasila embedded in the virtual learning mode. Data encompassed closed questionnaires and pretest/post-test scores, analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The findings underscore the intervention's efficacy, notably enhancing students' comprehension of Pancasila's cultural significance and augmenting their presentation skills. Notably, improvements were observed in structure, delivery, and gesture, affirming the approach's success in deepening cultural understanding while refining practical abilities. Quantitative analysis revealed shifts in presentation skill scores pre and post-intervention. While medium scores declined, low and high score categories exhibited marked changes, indicative of substantial advancements in presentation proficiency across skill domains. In conclusion, merging Pancasila into synchronized virtual learning yielded notable benefits, aligning cultural content with skill-focused education. This integration not only enriched cultural appreciation but also honed crucial presentation skills. These outcomes accentuate the potential of targeted educational strategies in harmonizing cultural knowledge and skill development within higher education settings, fostering holistic learning experiences. The study advocates for continued exploration and implementation of similar integrative approaches, emphasizing their value in enhancing both cultural understanding and practical skill acquisition among students in specialized learning contexts.

Figurative Language Translation Techniques Used in Jhumpa Lahiri's Short Stories

Iosephine Sere Gratia — 2023-12-31

Translation is an essential element that is the most appropriate and efficient solution to accelerate scientific and technological progress in developing countries. Translation is the key for people all over the world to be able to share data, stories, experiences, and especially information. However, translation is a complex skill. High precision is needed to be able to translate the source language (SL) into the target language (TL) correctly to convey the true meaning. In this research, we analyze the translation techniques used to translate the types of figurative language used in short stories. We used a descriptive qualitative method and manual qualitative data analysis. This research is limited to two short stories of Interpreter of Maladies and Penerjemah Luka which is Sexy and Seksi, alongside This Blessed House and Rumah yang Diberkati. As a result, there are 62 data obtained. We categorized the types of figurative language found in the two short stories using translation techniques from Molina and Albir. We found that some types of figurative language were not used by the author and some translation techniques were not used by the translator to convey the figurative language successfully.